The origin and early evolution of vascular plant shoots and leaves

The earliest land plants arose about 470 million years ago and are evidenced in the fossil record as spores or spore masses [4–7]. ... Around 430 ...

(PDF) The origin and early evolution of vascular plant shoots and ...

This review discusses fossil, developmental and genetic evidence relating to the evolution of vascular plant shoots and leaves in a phylogenetic ...

The evidence pinpoints testable developmental and genetic hypotheses relating to the origin of branching and indeterminate shoot architectures prior to the ...

9.8: Vascular Plants - Biology LibreTexts

Vascular plants evolved stems made of vascular tissues and lignin. Because of lignin, stems are stiff, so plants ca n grow high above the ground ...

Vascular Plant - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In the plant kingdom, the earliest example of an organized vascular system was encountered in the brown algae, which has a discernible phloem but no xylem ( ...

The origin and early evolution of vascular plant shoots and leaves

Figure 2. The range of shoot and leaf morphologies among major clades of living land plants (images not to scale). (a–d) Thalloid liverwort (a), ...

9.4: Early Evolution of Plants - Biology LibreTexts

Vascular Plants Evolve · Lignin is a tough carbohydrate molecule that is hydrophobic (“water fearing”). · Leaves are rich in ch loroplas ts that ...

Plant Evolution | CK-12 Foundation

Vascular Plants Evolve ... Plants evolved a number of adaptations that helped them cope with these problems on dry land. One of the earliest and most important ...

The Evolution of Vascular Plants - Lesson | Study.com

Vascular plant species are theorized to have evolved from early species of algae. Learn about the evolution of vascular plants and how the plants may be ...

Early evolution of the vascular plant body plan - ScienceDirect.com

The complex body plan of modern vascular plants evolved by modification of simple systems of branching axes which originated from the determinate vegetative ...

Leaf Structure & Evolution - Digital Atlas of Ancient Life

Leaves come in a wide variety of sizes and forms across vascular plants, from the scale leaves of some conifers to enormous, broad leaves of ...

Plant - Evolution, Paleobotany, Photosynthesis | Britannica

The leaves of several other plant groups were derived from modifications of the forking axes. There was a variety in structure among Devonian plants. The axes ...

The timescale of early land plant evolution - PNAS

We estimate land plants to have emerged in a middle Cambrian–Early Ordovocian interval, and vascular plants to have emerged in the Late ...

Deep origin and gradual evolution of transporting tissues

Rather than sudden emergence of complex, vascular tissues, plant transporting tissues likely evolved gradually, building on pre-existing developmental ...

The origin and early evolution of plants on land

From a simple plant body consisting of only a few cells, land plants (liverworts, hornworts, mosses and vascular plants) evolved an elaborate ...

(PDF) Early evolution of the vascular plant body plan - ResearchGate

According to this hypothesis, a change in developmental regulation in the early sporophyte stage of bryophyte-grade plants resulted in the origin of potentially ...

The evolutionary emergence of land plants: Current Biology

We consider the evolution of anatomy, genes, genomes and of development within this phylogenetic context, concluding that many vascular plant ( ...

Evolutionary history of plants - Wikipedia

Also by the late Devonian, Elkinsia, an early seed fern, had evolved seeds. Evolutionary innovation continued throughout the rest of the Phanerozoic eon and ...

The role of fossils for reconstructing the evolution of plant development

The earliest group of plants to develop a body plan with clear delineation between root, shoots and leaves are members of the Drepanophycales ...

The evolutionary emergence of land plants - Cell Press

Vegetative shoots. In vascular plant shoot apices, stem cells and ... The origin and early evolution of · vascular plant shoots and leaves.